Amsoshin tambayoyinku ta imel da tes (4)

Assalamu Alaikum barka da marece, da fatan kana lafiya.  Malam don Allah ya ake saukar da manhajar “Dribers,” sannan don Allah ko akwai gidan yanar sadarwa da ake saukar da manhajar wasan kwamfuta da manhajojin amfani na musamman masu kyau, kuma na kyauta?  Sannan a karshe kuma, ina so in koyi dabarun gina manhajar kwamfuta […]

Assalamu Alaikum barka da marece, da fatan kana lafiya.  Malam don Allah ya ake saukar da manhajar “Dribers,” sannan don Allah ko akwai gidan yanar sadarwa da ake saukar da manhajar wasan kwamfuta da manhajojin amfani na musamman masu kyau, kuma na kyauta?  Sannan a karshe kuma, ina so in koyi dabarun gina manhajar kwamfuta (Programming), wacce hanya zan bi?   Ko akwai wani gidan yanar sadarwa da kake fahimtar da jama’a a wannan bangaren?  
Nagode.  Daga ni almajirinka: Khalid Katsina

Wa alaikumus salam, Malam Khalid barka da warhaka.  Da fatan kana cikin koshin lafiya.  Tambayar farko kan inda ake saukar da kananan manhajojin kwamfuta masu suna Dribers, wadanda ke taimaka wa kwamfuta hada alaka tsakaninta da wasu na’urorin sadarwa ko wasu manhajoji, sai in ce ya dangaci abin da kake nema.  Idan kwamfuta ce kake son nemo mata dribers dinta na musamman, hanya mafi sauki ita ce ka je shafin kamfanin da ya kera kwamfutar, kai tsaye, sai ka nemo.  Za ka samu kyauta ba da sisin kwabonka ba.   Idan HP ce, ko Dell, ko Toshiba, ko Acer, duk shafukansu za ka je.  Haka idan ma na’urar dab’i ce, wato: Printer, shafin kamfanin da ya kera na’urar za ka je.
Dangane da inda za ka iya saukar da manhajar wasan kwamfuta kyauta kuma, a gaskiya babu aminci ga kwamfutarka, yin hakan nake nufi.  Domin duk galibin manhajojin Games na kyauta da za ka kwasa a wani shafi da ba na kamfanin da ya kera manhajar ba, kana iya kwaso kwayoyin cuta ga kwamfutarka.  Don haka, idan kana son zaman lafiya ka shiga shafin Google ka nemi bayani kan nau’ukan manhajar Games na kyauta, irin wadanda suka dace da dandanonka, a nan za ka ga sunayensu da gidajen yanar sadarwar kamfanin da ya gina su, sai ka je shafinsa kai tsaye ka saukar.  Wannan zai fi samar da salama.  Su ma manhajojin kyauta na kwamfuta haka suke; ka tantance abin da kake bukata, ka san shafin kamfanin da ya gina manhajar, sannan ka je ka saukar a can.  Idan kuma manhaja ce ta kudi, ka tara kudinka ka saya daga shafin mai manhajar ya fi samar da kwanciyar hankali.  Domin na farko, ka samu manhaja ta hanyar halal.  Na biyu ka kawar da kanka da kwamfutarka daga fadawa cikin matsala.  Na uku, a duk sa’adda kake neman taimako wajen warware wata matsala da ta shafi manhajar, inda ka sayo za ka koma don a gamsar da kai.
bangaren tambayarka ta karshe, cewa, ko akwai wani shafi da na killace don koya wa mutane dabarun gina manhajar kwamfuta (Programming)?  Amsar ita ce: a a.  
A halin yanzu dai ban tanadi wani shafi don wannan aiki ba.  Sai dai nan gaba.  Amma a tare da haka, akwai shafukan koyon dabarun gina manhajar kwamfuta kyauta, kuma birjik, a intanet.  Sai dai, don samun tsari, dole ne ka tantance, tare da killace bangare ko fannin ko babbar manufar da kake son cimmawa, kan haka.  Wannan zai taimaka maka wajen sanin wace hanya ce kuma wace fasaha ce tafi dacewa da kai.  Amma yin talalabiya kawai don zama cikin “Programmers,” ba inda zai kai ka sai babban birnin rudu.  
Idan kana son koyon fasahar gina manhajojin da suka shafi babbar manhajar kwamfuta ne, wato: Operating System ke nan, kana iya koyon fasahar C, wato: “C Programming Language,” daga nan ka hada da kanwarta, wato: “C++ Programming Language.”  Idan kana son koyon fasaha da dabarun gina shafukan gidan yanar sadarwa ne, wato: “Web Programming Language,” kana iya zuwa shafin W3SCHOOLS.COM, inda ake karantar da mutane dukkan wadannan dabaru kyauta – irin su HTML, da dHTML, da dML, da PHP, da JabaScript, da CSS – babu ko sisin kwabonka.  Illa dai dole ne ya zama kana da data a kwamfutarka, domin darussan suna kan shafin ne.  Duk da cewa kana iya saukar da jerin darasin da ya shafi wani fanni na musamman a dunkule.  A takaice dai sai kana da Intanet a kwamfutarka.  Adireshin shafin shi ne: http://www.w3schools.com.  
A karshe, idan kana son koyon fasahar da za ka iya yin dukkan wadannan ayyuka ne a wuri daya, kana iya zuwa shafin Python, wanda fasaha ce mai karfi, mai saukin koyo, kuma mai dauke da dabaru masu dimbin yawa wajen gina manhajar kwamfuta.  Fasahar Python iyaka ce.  Kana iya koyon fasahar a shafinsu dake: www.python.org, sai ka je bangaren DOCS da ke tsakiya daga sama a shafin farko.  Kana iya isa shafin kai tsaye daga nan: https://docs.python.org/3  za ka ji ka tsundum a ciki.  
Shawarata, ka sani, ya kai dan uwa, koyon wannan nau’i na ilimi abu ne da ke bukatar sadaukar da kai, da karfin hakuri da juriya wajen karatu, da hakuri – ba a kwarewa cikin kwanaki ko makonni ko watanni, sai an kwashe shekaru ana yi.  Abin da zai dada taimaka maka, shi ne, yawan karatu da yawan kwatanta abin da ake koyo.  Kada ka ji tsoron kuskure.  Ba za ka taba kwarewa a wani fanni na ilimi ba sai ka ta tafka kura-kurai a sa’adda kake dan koyo.  Amma idan so kake cikin ‘yan kwanaki ka zama kwararre, a naka tunani, to, kada ma ka fara.  Ina yi maka fatan alheri, Allah ya ba ka nasara.

Salaamun Alaikum Baban Sadik, don Allah a taimaka mini da kasidar tsibirin ba mu da ta wannan adreshin: [email protected]

Wa alaikumus salam Malam Nafi’u.  tuni na aika maka da wannan kasida.  Sai ka duba akwatin Imel dinka.  Allah ya sa rai da al’umma su amfana da shi, amin.

Salaamun alaikum Baban Sadik, ina son ka yi mani cikakken bayani a kan shafin  Instagram.  
Daga Aliyu Kugga Dumfawa, Zamfara

Wa alaikumus salam, Malam Aliyu barka ka dai.  Instagram dai manhaja ce ta wayar salula wacce ake amfani da ita wajen daukawa da yada hotuna daskararru da masu motsi, wato bidiyo ke nan.  Kana iya dora hoton bidiyo mai tsawon dakika 15 (15 seconds).  Ana kuma samun wannan manhaja ne a cibiyar manhajojin wayar salula na kamfanoni daban-daban.  Kana iya samu a Play Store na Android, ko App Store na Apple ko kuma Store na Windows Phone.  Bayan wadannan har wa yau, kana iya saukar da manhajar Instagram da wasu magina manhajar kwamfuta suka gina ta App World na wayar Blackberry.  Sannan kana iya yin rajista da mallakar shafi ta hanyar kwamfutarka a www.instagram.com.  
Asalin wannan manhaja dai wasu samari ne biyu suka samar da ita; da Kebin Systrom da kuma Mike Krieger.  Hakan ya faru ne a ranar 6 ga watan Oktoba na shekarar 2010.  Amma daga baya hukumar Facebook ta yi zawarcin masu wannan kamfani da su sayar mata da kamfanin, tare da ma’aikatanta guda 13.  Ciniki ya kaya a kan Dalar Amurka biliyan daya ($1,000,000,000).  Wannan ciniki dai ya fada ne a shekarar 2012.  A halin yanzu dai kamfanin Facebook ne ke da wannan kamfani, ba ma manhajar kadai ba.  Kamar yadda kamfanin Facebook ne ya saye manhajar wayar salula mai suna: “Whatsapp.”
Kana iya yin rajista idan ka cika shekaru 13 da haihuwa, har ka mallaki shafi naka na kanka.  A cewar hukumar Instagram, duk abin da masu shafuka suka loda a shafinsu – na hotuna, da bidiyo, da jakunkunan bayanai – nasu ne, hakkin mallakarsu ne, ba na kamfanin ba.  Wannan manhaja ta samu karin tagomashi daga shekarar 2012 zuwa 2014, inda masu ta’ammali da manhajar suka kara yawaita, hada har da inganci da yawan hotunan da ake lodawa a kan manhajar a duk dakika guda.  Daga masu rajista miliyan 150 a shekarar 2012, a halin yanzu akwai masu rajista a wannan dandali na Instagram sama da miliyan 300.  Babban dalili, a cewar daya daga cikin shugabannin wannan kamfani, shi ne, samuwar wayoyin salula na zamani masu na’urar daukar hotoko  kemara masu inganci.  A halin yanzu dai akwai hotuna sama da biliyan daya da mutane suka loda a wannan shafi.  Kuma, kamar sauran shafuka irin su Facebook da Twitter, shafin Instagram shi ma dandali ne na sada zumunta, amma ta hanyar hotuna da bidiyo.  Kashi 68 cikin 100 na masu amfani da wannan manhaja dai mata ne, a yayin da maza suka dauki kashi 32 cikin 100.  Bayan haka, kashi 50 cikin 100 na masu amfani da manhajar Instagram ta wayar salula dai su ne masu amfani da nau’in “iOS”, wato wayoyin salular kamfanin Apple ke nan.  A yayin da ragowar kashi 50 cikin 100 din kuma masu amfani da manhajar Android ce.
Daga cikin dokokin mu’amala da wannan manhaja dai, haramun ne a loda hotunan batsa, ko masu dauke da abubuwan da ke motsa sha’awa, ko zagi ko cin mutuncin wani, ko hotuna masu nuni ko ishara ko shagube ga wata kabila ko addini ko al’adun wasu da nufin wulakanta su.  Duk da haka, daga cikin matsalolin da masu dandalin ke fama da su akwai matsalar amfani da wannan kafa wajen tallata miyagun kwayoyi, wanda an gane galibin masu dillanci da safarar miyagun kwayoyi na kasar Amurka suna dora hotuna masu dauke da nau’ukan kwayoyi daban-daban don tallatawa ga wadanda suka san harkar.
Wannan, a takaice, shi ne abin da zan iya cewa dangane da shafi ko manhajar Instagram.  Da fatan ka gamsu.]