Dabarun neman bayanai masu inganci a Intanet (1)

Tambaya:Assalamu alaikum   Baban Sadik. Don Allah ina son kasidu da suka shafi yanda ake bincike a Intanet, kamar google da sauransu. Allah Ya saka  da Jannatul firdausi.  – Ameena Saleh Mande: Irbid, Jordan. [email protected] bayanai a Intanet shi ne abin da ya fi komai shahara daga fa’idojin da mai mu’amala da fasahar Intanet yake samu.  […]

Tambaya:
Assalamu alaikum   Baban Sadik. Don Allah ina son kasidu da suka shafi yanda ake bincike a Intanet, kamar google da sauransu. Allah Ya saka  da Jannatul firdausi.  – Ameena Saleh Mande: Irbid, Jordan. [email protected]
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Neman bayanai a Intanet shi ne abin da ya fi komai shahara daga fa’idojin da mai mu’amala da fasahar Intanet yake samu.  Wannan fa’ida, tana kara fadi da girma, musamman idan mai mu’amala da fasahar Intanet ya san hanyoyin da za su taimaka masa samun bayanai cikin sauki, masu inganci, wadanda kuma suka dace da abin da yake nema.  Sabanin abin da muka saba da shi,  na shiga gidan yanar sadarwar Google ko Yahoo misali da rubuta kalmar da muke neman ma’anarta, ko jimlar da muke son samun kasidu ko makaloli kanta, akwai dabaru masu dimbin yawa da masarrafar Google ke iya fahimtarsu, don samun sakamako mai inganci da ma’ana.  
Wani abin da zai birge mai karatu ma shi ne, babu abin da ba za a iya nema kuma a samu ba ta hanyar Google, in Allah Ya so.  Kai, a takaice, hatta adireshin Imel, da kalmomin sirri (Password), da lambobin waya, da adireshin gidaje, duk ana iya nema kuma a same su.  Illa ya danganci kwarewa wajen sani da iya mu’amala da dabarun neman bayanai.  Ba  a bukatar wata manhaja ko masarrafa (application) ta musamman don yin haka.   Abu ne mai sauki, wai cire wando ta ka.
Wadannan dabaru duk ana iya amfani da su a manhajar tambaya ta Google (Google Search program), da ma na wasu gidajen yanar sadarwa; duk da cewa na Google din ya fi tabbas, saboda inganta shi da ake yi a kullum.  Ga kadan daga cikin dabarun neman bayanai nan:
1.     Alamar tsakure (“ “)
Idan ana son samun kasida ko makala ko wasu bayanai masu dauke da wata kalma ta musamman, daidai wa daida, ana iya sa kalmar a tsakanin alamun tsakure, wato “kuotation mark.”  Misali:  “Baban Sadik”  ko “Islam in China” ko “List of Muslims in America” ko “Owners of Google” ko “Dan Gaye” duk za a samu amsoshi masu dauke da kalma ko jimlar da aka shigar, babu kwange.  Wannan ya fi tasiri wajen neman kasidun da suka dace da taken da mutum ya rubuta.
2.     Alamar “I am Feeling Lucky”
Ga duk wanda ya saba shiga Google ta kwamfuta, a kasan inda ake shigar da kalmar tambaya, akwai alamu guda biyu; da alamar “Search” da kuma alamar “I am feeling lucky.”  Idan ana son samun gidan yanar sadarwa mai dauke da bayanin kalmar da aka shigar, kai tsaye, sai a latsa alamar “I am feeling lucky.”  Wannan alama ce ta takar sa’a, kamar yadda daya daga cikin abokan fassara da muka yi aiki da shi a tsakanin shekarar 2005 – 2007 wajen fassara manhajar Google zuwa harshen Hausa ya kira ta, cewa: “Ina jin na taki sa’a.”  Misali, ana son zuwa shafin Gamji, ko Facebook, ko Twitter, kai tsaye, amma an mance adireshin gidan yanar sadarwar, sai a rubuta:
Gamji ko Facebook ko Twitter
Ana matsa alamar “I am feeling lucky” kai tsaye za a samu shafin.
3.    Alamar kaidi ( – )
Idan ana son neman bayanai, amma ba a son wata kalma ta kasance daga cikin bayanan, sai a yi amfani da alamar “kaidi”, wato “Sign of edclusion”  a sa alamar – a farkon kalmar.  Misali, ana son kasida mai dauke da bayanai kan dukkan tashoshin Google, amma ban da tashar kasuwanci mai suna “Ad Words” sai a rubuta haka:
All google sites  –Ad words
Da zarar masarrafar ta ga haka, ba za ta dauko bayanai masu dauke da wannan tasha mai suna Ad words ba.
4.    Neman kasida a gidan yanar sadarwa na musamman
Idan ana son neman wasu bayanai daga wani gidan yanar sadarwa na musamman da aka sani, amma ba a son jigilar bin bayanai daya bayan daya, abu ne mai sauki.  Misali, ana son kasidu da aka rubuta a shafin Gamji.com kan arewacin Najeriya kadai, sai a rubuta:
Site: gamji.com northern nigeria
Nan take za a ga kasidu ne zalla, wadanda aka rubuta kan arewacin Najeriya.  Haka idan ana bukatar kasidu ko makalolin da malaman jami’a ne kadai suka rubuta ko wadanda suka shafi tsantsar binciken ilimi ne, ana iya rubuta haka, a misali:
Site:.edu
kasidun da aka taskance daga shafukan jami’o’i ne kadai za a gani, sai a zabi wanda ake so.
5.    Kalmomi masu kamaiceceniya da juna
Idan aka yi amfani da alamar tsakure wajen neman kalma kai tsaye kamar yadda aka shigar (edact word), a daya bangaren kuma, ana iya amfani da alamar “Tilde” ( ~ ) – ba Tilden Bauchi ba.  Alamar “Tilde” na daga cikin maballan da ke allon shigar da bayanai, kamar yadda aka gani a baka biyu.  Ana amfani da wannan alama ne don neman kalma da wata kalma mai ma’ana irin nata, ko wacce ke wakiltarta; a ka’idar lugga ne, ko a ka’idar al’adar zamani.  Misali, idan ana son kasida mai dauke da kalmar “Islam” da wasu kalmomi na Turanci masu ma’anar “Islam”, sai a rubuta:
~islam
Nan take za a miko amsoshi masu kalmar “Islam” da wasu kalmomin da ke wakiltar kalmar, kai tsaye.
6.    Alamar tauraro (komai da ruwanki)
Wannan ita ce alamar da ake kira “Asterisk” a harshen Turancin kimiyya da fasahar sadarwa, wato ( * ).  Akwai wannan alama a allon shigar da bayanai, wato “Keyboard.”  Ni kuma a bangarena ina kiranta alamar “Komai da ruwanki.”  Domin idan ana neman bayanan da suka shafi wata kalma gaba dayanta ne, ko wata jimla gaba dayanta, da ita ake amfani.  Misali, idan ana son sanin cikakken bayani kan kamfanin Google, sai a rubuta:
Google*  
(dole alamar ta kasance a manne da goshin kalmar ko kalmar karshe a jimlar).  Idan ana son bayani cikakke kan tsarin tattalin arzikin kasar Najeriya misali, sai a rubuta:
Nigerian Economy*
Idan ana son sanin wasu kamfanoni da Google ta saye su, da yawan kudin da ta sayi kowane kamfani, a rubuta:
Google purchased * for * dollars
Za a samu bayanai kai tsaye.
7.    Tazarar lokaci
Idan ana bukatar samun bayanai masu bayani kan wani tazara na zamani, abu ne mai sauki sosai.  Misali, idan ana son sanin ci gaban Musulunci a kasashen Afirka daga shekarar 1800 zuwa 1900, sai a rubuta:
Islam in Africa 1800..1990
Nan take za a samu amsoshi na iya wannan tazarar lokaci ko zamani.

Za mu ci gaba