Tsarin sadarwar wayar iska (Wireless Communication) (5)

Idan bako ne shi, ma’ana ba a wannan zangon lambarsa take ba, sai cibiyar Home Location Register ta binciko kundin adana lambobin baki da suka shigo wannan zango, wato bisitor Location Register, don nemo wannan lamba da kake nema na abokinka.  Amma idan a zango daya kuke da shi, to ba sai ma ta je […]

Idan bako ne shi, ma’ana ba a wannan zangon lambarsa take ba, sai cibiyar Home Location Register ta binciko kundin adana lambobin baki da suka shigo wannan zango, wato bisitor Location Register, don nemo wannan lamba da kake nema na abokinka.  Amma idan a zango daya kuke da shi, to ba sai ma ta je bisitor Location Register ba; daga Home Location Register kawai za ta sheda mai lambar.  To, da zarar an samu lambar, sai Mobile Switching Center ta cilla wa bangaren Ekuipment Identity Register, wacce aikinta ne taskance dukkan wayoyin salular da ke dauke da lambobin sadarwar wannan kamfani, don tabbatar da cewa wayar abokinka ta cika ka’idar sadarwa na lambobin da muka kawo bayanansu a sama, da kuma cewa ko an kera wayar a tsarin ka’idojin sadarwa ta duniya ko a a.  Idan ta samu wayar na dauke da alamar “Inbalid”, sai ta mayar da wannan bukata taka, cewa ba za ta iya sadar da kai ga mai wannan wayar salula ba.  Amma idan garau wayar take, ta kuma cika ka’ida, to sai babban zango, wato cibiyar Mobile Switching Center ta mika sakonka kai tsaye, sai nan take ya ji wayarsa ta fara bugawa; kai ma za ka ji haka, a naka bangaren.  Sai sadarwa ya wakana a tsakaninku.  Duk wannan kai-komo na iya samuwa ne cikin kasa da dakiku goma (10 seconds), muddin babu wata matsala ta yanayin sadarwa a bigiren da kuke.
To amma watakila mai karatu zai ce mai yasa wasu lokuta ga-ka-ga-mutum, idan ka buga layinsa sai ace maka ba ya nan; alhali wayarsa a kunne take, kuma ta cika dukkan ka’idojin da ake bukata?  Hakan na faruwa ne daga cibiyar sadarwar kamfanin, musamman idan yanayin sadarwar na yin sama da kasa.  Kada mu manta, na ce mana tsarin sadarwa ta hanyar salula na samuwa ne ta hanyar siginar rediyo, wadda kuma ta hanyar wayar-iska yake bi. In kuwa haka ne, ashe akwai yiwuwar samuwar tsaiko a wasu lokuta.  Ka kwatanta hakan da irin ingancin sautin rediyo da kake ji a wasu lokuta daban-daban.  Me ya sa wasu ke kama tashar Sashen Hausa na Rediyon Kaduna garau, amma wasu sai sun fita kofar gida kafin su samu?  
Hakan na faruwa ne sanadiyyar dalilai biyu; na farko shi ne ingancin yanayi ko gyaruwarsa, dangane da iskar da ke kadawa a sararin samaniya.  Bincike ya nuna akwai alaka ta kut-da-kut tsakanin sakonnin da ke bin hanyoyin iska a sararin samaniya, da kuma irin yanayin da ke wannan bigire.  Idan akwai hadari kuma ana cin karo da da walkiya, yanayin sadarwa ,musamman ta rediyo kan samu matsala.  Haka ma sadarwa ta Intanet, ta kan samu matsala.  Hatta masu kallon tashoshin tauraron dan Adam ta NileSat, sukan samu matsala da zarar an fara ruwa.  Wannan ke nan.  
Abu na biyu kuma shi ne inganci ko nau’in na’urar da ke aikawa ko karbar wannan sako.  A yayin da tashoshin NileSat ke rawa ko ma hotunan su rika sandarewa (Cracking) idan aka fara ruwa ko hadari ya hadu, masu kallon tashoshin DSTb ba su samun wannan matsala ko kadan.  Me yasa?  Don tsarin NileSat na cafke siginarsa ne ta amfani da tauraron dan Adam nau’in KU-Band.   Su kuma kamfanin DSTb na amfani da tauraron dan Adam mai cafko bayanai nau’in C-Band ne, wanda yanayin iska da ke sararin samaniya ba ta da cikakken tasiri a kansa.  Wannan ya sa za ka wasu wayoyin salula suna dauke da yanayin sadarwa mai inganci fiye da na wasu kamfanonin.   A baya wayoyin salula kirar kamfanin Nokia sun shahara wajen inganci da karfin yanayin sadarwa, duk da cewa hakan bai tsaya kai tsaye ga wayar ba, har da tsarin kamfanin sadarwa.  Abin da wannan ke nufi shi ne, ingancin na’ura na da tasiri matuka wajen alkinta yanayin sadarwa na kamfani.  A zamanin baya, ba ka hada yanayin sadarwar wayar Nokia da na wayoyin kamfanin Motorola, ko kadan.
Kammalawa
Daga bayanan da suka gabata, a bayyane yake cewa lallai an kashe dare wajen kokarin samarwa da kuma inganta hanyoyin sadarwa ta amfani da tsarin wayar-iska (Wireless Communication) a duniya.  Wannan ya taimaka matuka wajen inganta sadarwa a tsakanin kasashen duniya.  Ba wannan kadai ba, ya taimaka wajen zaburar da kamfanonin kera wayoyin salula da sauran na’urorin sadarwa wajen kokarin yin rige-rige a tsakaninsu don inganta fasahohin da ke dauke da wannan tsari.  A tare da cewa ingancin wannan tsari bai kai na tsarin amfani da wayoyin fasahar Fiber-Optics ba, kamar yadda bayani ya gabata a makon jiya, wannan ba zai hana bai wa tsarin sadarwa ta wayar-iska kambi ba, idan ana duba dalilan da suka haddasa ci gaban sadarwa a duniyar zamanin yau.